Coke oven



. P. GOFFART.

COKE OVEN. APPLICATION' FILED APR. g. 1920.

l ,429,28 l Patented Sept. 19', 192.2o

llllll It llllllll WIM/5885s E; 1 Msn/10H" :q ,Dm/L goFFA/r v 'm0/mers Patented Sept. 19, i922.

PAUL GOFFART, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM,

A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

oFFic-s.

AssrGNon, l12.Y.-.M1a1s:1vn ASSIGNMENTS; Tol i :BELGIAN AMERICAN COKE ovENs CORPORATION, or WrLMINemoN,-DELAWARE,

' COKE OVEN.

Application led April 8,

To all who/my t may concern.'

Be it known that I, PAUL GOFFART, a subject of the King of Belgium, and resident of Brussels, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke Ovens, of which the following is a specification. y

This invention relates to coke ovens with regeneration of heat by periodical reversal of the draft.

In a certain well known type of coke ovens of this character, with recovery of by-products, the regenerator checker brick for heating the air during one stage is placed in two Chambers having arched roofs located under the coking chambers, said regenerator chambers extending at one side of the axis of the bench of coking chambers and parallel to said axis( The said regenerator chambers are connected in series by means of a pluralityl of conduits increasing in cross section progressively according to their distance from the chimney. A similar arrangement of connected regenerator chambers provided on the other side of said axis, serves to heat the air during the other stage. 'lhecom-v bustion products pass first throughv one of the regenerator chambers, termed the primary chamber, and after being partially cooled therein, pass upwardly through the checkerwork in the other (secondary) regenerator Chamber and escape to the chimney. In this well known type of coke ovens, the samel regenerators-serve for all the coking chambers of a bench.

In certain cases it may be desirable to provide individual regenerators for each coking chamber. The object of the present invent-ion is to provide regenerators of the general character referred to above, but with each coking chamber having its individual regenerators connected in series. For this purpose, partitions divide the regenerators-of the former constructions into individual groups of regenerator compartments, each group Aconnected to a single sole channel. In order that the flow of gases (or air) may be in the same direction in one of these compartments as in the compartment connected therewith, the lower portion of one primary compartment is connected,l by @vertical conduit, with the 1920.A serial No. 372,111.

upper portion of the companion" secondary compartment.

-Rich heating gas maybe employed with this arrangement. Furthermore, it is also possible -to heat `with poor gas,l by connecting the sole channel of each ,coking chamber with the two"heatingywalls at the sides of. said chamber, and feeding. air through alternate regenerators while theY intervene' oven in longitudinal vertical section, the

left hand portion on the line A-B yof F I 2, and the right hand portion onfthe line",

AB of said ligure, which is a ycross section on the liner24-2 of 1*; Figs. `3 and 4 are partial horizontal sections, at opposite ends of the oven, taken ,oni the planevindicated by the line 3-3 of F ig.l 1. Reference letters or numerals .without in-V dices are used to designate parts on one side of the longitudinal center or axis'of theA bench, and likev reference letters or numerals with indices designate the correspond` ing partson the'opposite side of theI bench; On each side of the coking. chambersl are located'y heating walls each containing a plurality of upright llues 2 (or 27") com-- municating by gas nozzles 3y (or 3') withv gas chambers 4 (or 4J)` placed directly below them, each of said gas chambers supplying several nozzles, land receiving coke oven gas through pipes m (or m) provided with individual regulating valves indicated in Fig. l. The gas chambers along onel half of a heating wall are connected with the pipes m, yand those alongthe other half, with1 the pipes m'. -From theflower end of each heating flue 2, ducts 5 extend downwardly and to both sides, connectingv with solev channels 6 located directly under the coking chambers l andit will be understood that similar ducts ,and sole channels are provided in connection with the-.iiues 2". These channels 6 extend lfromveach side of the bench (from left and-right inFigQl) to the longitudinaljcenter. of the bench, the

vmore, each of these sole channels is also provided with a horizontal partition 7, extending from the partition 8 to a short dis- I tance from the outside wall of the oven, the

ducts 5 opening into the channels 6 above said partition 7, while at a point below said partition 7 and adjacent to the partition 8, each channel 6 is connected, as indicated at 9, with that'compartment of the primary regenerator a (or a) which is directly beneath' that particular s ole channel and coking chamber. The flow of gases through the channels?) may be regulated by means of slides or dampers l0, there being an independent damper for each channel.

`The primary regenerators a, a, and the secondary regenerators extend transversely of the'sole channels 6, that is to say, lengthwise of the bench 'of coke ovens. By

' means rofpartitions ll, ll', the primary res g'eneratorsA vare divided into as many separate compartments as there are colnng chambers l, and by means of corresponding pary horizontal channels c (or c) extends from the bottom of each compartment of a primary regenerator a (or a) to the lower end of an upright'channel g (or g) located adjacentto the companion compartment of the adjacent secondary regenerator Z; (or b),

the upper end of said upright channel g (or g) communicating, above the checkerwork, with such companion secondary regenerator compartment. Below such checkerworlr,

- each compartment of the secondary regenerator Z) is connected by a channel It with a waste flue or ystack flue D, and similarly located channels h. connect the individual compartment of the other secondary regenerator b with a corresponding stack flue D on the other side of the oven. Alternate channels it are provided with valves or dampers ,'F (the intervening channels it being without dampers), and a similar arrangement of dampersy f is employed in connection with the corresponding channels it on the other side ofthe oven, r'lhe channels having such dampers are provided with nozzles connected with pipes having valves a, a, respectively and receiving poor gas (producer gas) from suitable mains.

The stack flues D, D, the main portions of which extend lengthwise of the bench of coke ovens, have their connection with the chimney O and with the air-supply channel 14 controlled by a reversing valve V which in the example shown is adapted to swing about a vertical axis. The draft in each of the flues D, D, may be regulated by a valve or damper r, r, respectively.

Let us assume that the fuel employed is coke oven gas and that at a certain stage combustion is to take place in the heating flues of the left hand half shown in Fig. l. The reversing` valve V is placed in the position indicated by full lines in Fig. l, so that air from the channel 14 will pass to the flue D, while the companion flue D communicates with the chimney O to discharge into the same. The valves f f are open, the valves a, a, for the admission of producer gas are closed, the burner pipes or nozzles m are open, and the companion pipes or nozzles m are closed. Air for supporting combustion passes from the flue D and the channels it into the respective compartments of the secondary regenerator l), and thence through the channels g and c into the corresponding compartments of the primary regenerator a, and in both of these regenerators the air is heated by contact with the checkerwork heated during the preceding` stage of the operation. From the compartments of the regenerator a the heated air rises through the ducts 9 into the lower compartments of the sole channels 6, and passes to the upper compartments of said channels and through the ducts 5 into the flues 2 located in the heating walls of the coking chambers l disposed directly above the respective sole channels 6. Coke oven gas is admitted to the gas chambers 4 through the pipes m and passes through the nozzles 3 into the heating' flues 2, in which it meets the heated air admitted from the sole channels 6 through the ducts 5.

Combustion takes place in the heating flues 2, and the combustion gases pass upwardly through openings 16 of proper cross section, into the horizontal upper channels 15 l5 in which they travel toward the other half of the oven, that is, the half containing the heating ilues 2. lnto these latter flues the combustion gases enter through the openings 16, and traveling downwardly they leave these flues 2 through ducts similar to the ducts 5, thus reaching the sole channels (similar to the channels 6), on the side of the oven 4having the flues 2, and from these sole channels the combustion gases pass successively to the primary regenerator a, to secondary regenerator b, and the flue D to the chimney O, through a path which while not fully shown in the drawing, so far as this half of the oven is concerned, will be readily understood since it corresponds exactly to the path 6, 9, a, c, g, t, It, D, of the other half of the oven. ur-

' ing this stage, therefore, the checkerworl in the regenerators a', b, absorbs heat. When these regenerators have reached the proper temperature, the next stage is started by reversing the air and gas currents as follows: 'n

The valve V is shifted to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 4. This'will cause air from the supply channel la to now pass to the flue D, regeneratcrs Zi, a', the sole channels and ducts located `above these regenerators, and the heating flues 2. The burner pipes or nozzles m are closed during this stage, and the burner pipes or nozzles m open to admit coke oven gas to the chambers et, gas nozzles 3, and heating iiues 2. yThe Acombustion gases travel upward in these flues yand pass through the openings 16 to the top channels l, l5, and `out through the flues 2 downwardly, ducts 5, sole channels 6, ducts 9, regenerator c, channels c, g, secondary regenerator channels it, the flue D and the chimney O During this stage, therefore, the regenerators a, b, store up heat.

lf the coke oven is to be operated with producer gas, the burner pipes or nozzles fm,

m', are closed, as are also the valves f controlling the connection of alternate compartments of the generator b with the flue D', the corresponding valves f on the other half of the oven bench are opened, the reversing valve V is placed in the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. a, the valves 'n are closed, and the valves a opened. At this stage, air will be heated by passing through those (alternate) compartments of the regenerators 5 and a which have no controlling valves f', while the producer gas will pass through the other compartments of said regenerators 5 and a', that is to say, through the (alternate) compartments, the connection of which with the flue D is at that time closed by the valves f. The air and gas thus preheated will enter the heating flues 2 at the bottom, and the combustion gases traveling upward in said flues will pass out through. the same path as described above. During the next stage, the valves f will be closed, the corresponding valves f on the other half of the .oven will be opened, the reversing valve V is placed in the position indicated by full lines in Fig. 4, the valves n are closed, and the valves n opened. Air to be heated will now pass to those (alternate) compartments of the regenerators b and ot which have their connection with the flue D open permanently, while the'producer gas to be heated will pass through the other (alternate) compartments of said regenerators Z) and a, that is, those compartments which at that time are closed to the flue D by the valve f. In

this case air and gas will meet at the lower portions of the heating lues 2, and the combustion products will pass out from the upy per portions of these iiues through the same path as described above.

llt will be obvious that when both modes ofheating (producer gas and coke oven gas) are to be combined, all that will be necessary is to admit colte oven 'gas on the same side as the poor gas (producer gas or blast furnace gas), the procedure, otherwise, being the same as when heating with poor gas, as described above.

lt will be notedrthat the hot' combustion gases travel `downwardly in the checkerworkof all the regenerators, and this is of great importance as any upward iiow of het gases through checlrerwork would be retarded by the cooling effect since cool gas tends to sink, The channels g, being unobstructed soy by checkerwork, -avo'id such detrimental cooling of the hot gas during its upward travel.` Similarly, when gas or air is sent 'through the regenerators to tale up heat therefrom, suoli gas or air will travel upwardly through the checkerwork,v so that the effect of t-he heat will assist' the upward flow through the checkerwork, while in the channels g through which such gas or air travels downwardly, there isV no checkerworlr to produce a strong heating effect which would impede such downward flow.

I claim:

l. In a longitudinal coke oven bench having upright heating flues operating with reversal of the draft, companion regenerators disposed lengthwise of the bench andl transversely under the sole of the coking chambers, said regenerators being parti-' of the corresponding compartment of the other regenerator, whereby the current of fluids will be caused to travel in the same direction in both of such connected compartments.

2. ln a coke oven having a plurality of coking chambers and heating iiues therefor, companion regenerators, one connected at one of its horizontal terminations with said flues and each partitioned to form separate compartments each corresponding to a single coling chamber, each compartment of one of said companion regenerators having its lower portion connected by a substantially unobstructed upright channel with the upper portion of the corresponding compartment of the other regenerator, whereby in the same direction in both of said connected compartments, and connections from the other horizontal terminations of the compartments of the other of said regenerators to a stack and to an air-supply.

3. A coke oven having heating i'lues and companion regenerators one connected at one of its horizontal terminations with said flues, connections trom the other oit its horizontal terminations of the other regenerator to a stack and to an air-supply, and a substantially unobstructed upright channel connecting the upper portion of one regenerator with the lower portion oi the other, whereby the current et fluids will be caused to travel in the same direction in both of said connected regenerators,

4f. ln a longitudinal coke oven bench having upright heating iues operating with reversal of the draft., companion regenerators disposed lengthwise oi" the bench and transversely under the sole of the coking chambers, said regenerators being partitioned to form separate compartments corresponding 'to the individual eoking chambers, and eX- ternal smoke iiues for connecting said regenerator compartments with a stack, each compartment of one of the companion regenerators having its lower portion connected by a substantially unobstructed upright channel with the upper portion of the corresponding compartment of the other regenerator, whereby the current of fluids will be caused to travel in the same direction in both of such connected compartments, sole channels each of which is connected with heating iues on opposite sides of the same coking chamber, and with one compartment of one of said regenerators, so thatl the heating flues at the same side of a colring chamber are connected with two adjacent regenerator compartments, means whereby either all of the regenerator compartments may serve to heat air for the combustion of rich gas, or only alternate regenerator compartments may be used to heat air, while the intervening regenerator compartments serve to heat poor gas to be burnt with said air, and valves for effecting the change from one system ot heating to the other.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand.

P. GOFFART. 

